Insulator for high-tension electric current



Dec. 27, 1927.

W. DEUTSCH INSULATOR FOR HIGH TENSION ELECTRIC CURRENT Filed Feb. 4, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1927.

W. DEUTSCH INSULATOR FOR HIGH TENSION ELECTRIC CURRENT Filed Feb. 4, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR War/777w Deana/1 63/1/ 6 4 AMA M A ATTO R N E? Patented Dec. 27, 1927.

UNITED STATES 1,654,212 PATENT OFFICE.

WALTHEB DEUTSCH, OF FRANKFURT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO INTER- NATIONAL PBECIPI'IATION COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORA- TION OF CALIFORNIA.

INSULATOR FOB HIGH-TENSION ELECTRIC CURRENT.

Application fled February 4, 1924, Serial No. 690,571, and in Germany April 12, 1928.

This invention relates to insulators suitable for supporting conductors carrying high tension current or maintained at high electric potential and the main object of the inven- 6 tion is to provide insulators for this purpose with means whereby the insulator is automatically protected from deposition of susended .material thereon, such as would interfere with the insulating effectiveness thereof. The insulator is particularly intended for use in connection with electrical precipitating apparatus and in that connection it may be. advantageously applied in supporting the high tension system, including the discharge electrodes and the supports therefor. It is however capable of other uses wherever an insulator is required to withstand the effects of gases containing suspended material either liquid or solid, :0 which is liable to become deposited upon the surface of the insulator and thereby lower the electrical resistance of the insulator.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of my invention and referring II thereto:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of one form of my invention, showing the application of the invention in connection with an insulator for permitting passage of a conductor through 80 a casing, such as an electrical precipitator casing, while maintaining the insulation of said conductor from said casing.

Fig. 2 is a sectionon line 22 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3'is a side elevation of a modified 86 form of the insulator shown. in Fig. 1.

" "Figs.4 and 5 are vertical sections of a further modification of my invention showing the a plication of my invention to an insulator or supporting a conductor forming a part of the high tension electrical circuit.

Figs. 6 and 7 are vertical sections of further modifications of my invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 the insulator shown therein comprises a tubular body 1 of quartz,

6 glass, or some non-conducting material which is mounted on a suitable support such as a casing 2 in any suitable manner, said casing for example being a portion of the roof or top plate of an electrical precipitator and havingan opening 3 to receive a tubular metalhc member 4 within which the insulator 1 is mounted by a suitable cemented jointtracted or neck portion. 7, the bottom of said hood being formed with a bell mouth 8. The conductor to be insulated indicated at 9 extends through the tubular insulator 1 and 15 provided at its upper end with means 10 for attachment of an electric conductor and at 1ts lower end with means 11 for attachment of the conducting element which is to be supported or to which connection is to be made.

On the surface of the insulator 1 within the hood portion 6 are provided discharging elements formed for example of fine wire indicated at 12, wound around the insulator 1 and secured thereto, such wires 12 being sufiicient to localize the electrical field produced between the conductor 9 and the metallic hood portion 6 in such a.- manner that a shght electrical discharge will take place from said members 12 resulting in the electrical precipitation of suspended material contained within the hood portion 6, such material being precipitated on said hood port on instead of on the insulator. My inven tion is particularly intended and ada ted for the use in treatment of insulators w ich are exposed to gases containing suspended acid mist or other liquid suspended material and when so applied the material precipitated on the hood portion 6 as above described will flow down on the inner surface of the hood portions 6, 7, and 8 and will be discharged from the hood.

The lower edge of the bell mouth 8 of the hood is preferably provided with a sharpened edge portion which may be provided with teeth as indicated at 14 forming a discharge edge and a plate or disk 15 is mounted on the conductor opposite to this discharglng edge so as to produce an electrical field between said edge and the disk, resulting in electrical discharge from said edge and the precipitation of suspended material on said disk. The contraction of the hood indicated at 7 is an agent in constrictmg the gas passage around the conductor 9 so as to limit as far as possible the access of the suspended material from the outside of the hood to the inside thereof.

In place of the wires 12, any other suitable discharging elements may be used for example as shown in Fi 3, rings 17 having sharpened edges may %)e imbedded in or mounted on the insulator forming field localizin members adapted to produce electrical disc arge.

In theoperation of the invention suitable high tension connections are made to the conductor 9 by means indicated at 10 and the conductor which is to receive the high tension current is connected to the conductor 9 by means indicated at 11. Assuming that the insulator shown is used in connection with an electrical precipitator the member 2 forms the top of such precipitator. It will be understood that the gases around the hood surrounding the insulator 1 may contain considerable amounts of suspended material for example, acid mist, and by diffusion and convection more or less of such gases and mist will enter the hood 7 and come in contact with the insulator 1, such diffusive action being however limited by the constriction or contraction 7 aforesaid. The access of the suspended mist or other suspended material to the interior of the hood is further limited by the electrical discharging action to the edge 14 which tends to cause precipitation of such mist or material on the plate 15. The mist or suspended material which actually enters the hood 6 is subjected to further precipitation from the discharge elements 12 or 17 aforesaid and is thereby removed from the gases and prevented from being deposited on the surface of the insulator. In explanation of the operation of the discharge elements 12 it may be stated that while the insulator 1 is a so-called nonconductor, .there will generally be a slight leakage of current either through the body or along the surface thereof, and it is such leakage current which limits production of electrical discharge from the elements 12.

The invention may also be applied to the standard insulator as shown in Fig. 4 or to suspension insulators as shown in Fig. 5. Thus as shown in Fig. 4 the insulator body 1 may be formed as a hollow cone of suitable insulating material such as glass or porcelain mounted on a supporting metal stem 9 which is carried by any suitable support, the conductor to be insulated indicated at 20 being mounted on the insulator 1. A hood 6 of metal may surround the insulator and may be provided with a contracted portion 7 and a bell mouth portion having a serrated edge 14, and an opposing disk or plate 15 may be provided mounted on the supporting stem 9. In this case the discharge elements 12 are shown as provided on both the inner and outer faces of the conical insulator member 1. The operation of this form of the inven tion is similar to that of the form above described, with the additional feature that discharge also takes place from the internal discharge elements 12 on the inner face of the insulator, resulting in precipitation of mist etc, on the opposing conductor, consisting of stem 9.

As shown in Fi 5 there may be one or more Insulators w ich are mounted within a metallichood 6 and in this case a protecting electrical discharge is effected between the metal disks 21 carried by the stems 9 of each insulator and extending opposite the hood 6. In this figure there are shown a plurality of insulators each having a stem 9 and each connected at its upper end to the over-lying insulator or to the supporting conductor 22 as the case may be and connected at its lower end by the said stem to the next insulator below or to the conductor to be insulated as the case may be. It will be further understood that each insulator 1, insulates the upper stem 9 thereof, from the next lower stem so that the combined insulating effect is the sum total of the insulating effect of all the insulators in' series. With this construction there are produced a series of protective discharging fields formed by the successive disks 21 connected to the respective stems 9 so that any acid mist or similar material which enters the lower end of the insulator hood 6 is subjected to electrical precipitating action in the said electrical fields between the members 21 and 6 with the result that such acid mist or other suspended material is precipitated on the inside of the hood 6 and flows off the same by gravity.

As shown in Figs. 6 and 7 thedischarging elements may be formed as ridges or annular flanges on the insulator 1 itself, said flanges or ridges having sharp edges indicated at 17 to facilitate electrical discharge therefrom. It will be understood-that in the form of the invention shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the insulators therein shown will be mounted within hoods for example in the manner shown in Fig. 5 so as to produce an electrical field between the said sharp edges and the said hood for the purpose set forth. In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 7 the flanges are formed as aprons having overhanging edges 17 which offer a further pro tection against deposition of moisture or acid on the surface of the insulator. However, as shown in Fig. 6 this feature may be dispensed with and the edges may extend horizontally.

What I claim is:

1. An insulator comprising a body of insulating material provided with means for attachment of supportin and supported conductors, and a metal ood surrounding said body, said hood being closed at its upper end and sides and open at its lower end, and said insulator being provided with discharging means thereon, opposite said hood and 1presienting discharging edges toward said 100 2. An insulator provided with means for attachment of supportin 'and supported conductors and also provided with a plurality of discharging elements formed as metal members having discharging edges, said discharging elements being insulated from one another and from said supporting and supported conductors, and a metal hood surrounding said insulator and opposing said edges on said discharging elements.

3. A construction as set forth in claim 2 in which the said hood is closed at its upper end and sides and is open at its lower end and the insulator is provided with said discharging elements at the portion near the lower end of the hood.

4. A construction as set forth in claim 2 in which the said hood is closed at its upper 15 end and at its sides and is provided with a contracted portion near its lower end for the purpose set forth.

A construction as set forth in claim 2,

and provided in addition with a discharging 2o subscribed my name this 4th day of January 25 WALTHER DEUTSGH. 

